写作的智慧,是让我们发现真实的自己。
个人叙事写作(Personal Narrative Writing)是讲述有关自己的真实故事,是记叙文的一种。从日记、大学申请提交的文书到找工作时写的个人介绍,个人叙事写作在我们的学术和职业生涯中扮演着重要的角色。
2020年12月4日,北京海淀凯文学校二年级英语文学课进行了项目展示——Personal Narrative Publishing Party(个人叙事写作出版派对)。展示现陈列着每位二年级学生的作品,如同一个画廊,供师生品读分享。阅读后,师生还将深思熟虑的评论写在便利贴上,贴在每位“小作者”的头像或作品旁边,以示喜欢与鼓励。
在英语文学课程中,二年级学生阅读、写作、修改并发表一篇个人叙述写作,在其中学会选择主题、描写手法、叙事技巧、文章修改的方法等,如着眼于一个难忘的个人经历或时刻,用第一人称的方式来叙述,使用对话、描述和节奏等叙述技巧,通过过渡词短语来明确整个事件的顺序和经过,用精确有力的词语和感觉来描述事件和人,并展现作者对自身经历的思考或从中得到的启发。
正如美国教学大纲共同核心标准(Common Core)在小学阶段强调,通过学习叙述性写作,提高学生阅读和理解文本的能力,提高创造型思维和批判性思维能力,为将来的阅读高阶文学作品打下基础。
二年级全科教师组长Aaron Priestley说:“As a grade level we have focused on loving writing and reading intently. This focus has been an integral part of our planning. Following the Lucy Calkins writing workshop model, we have concentrated on the writing process with the kids and part of that is the publication party. It has really helped children focus on a larger goal for their writing and the event celebrated their learning in a way that we felt sure would leave a positive impression. They had already increased their efforts working towards the publication and we can see they are becoming more self motivated writers! We hope this growth continues throughout their time here. Writing small moments and zooming into the details can be difficult for students and adults alike, so they've done really well to achieve this. ”
本次活动策划老师、二年级全科教师Priya Govender说:“Writing is often a struggle for the students. They have trouble finding the right words, or are stuck with spelling. The publishing party helped with making their writing tangible. They could see the rewards of their hard work in the notes left by others. They understood that all of grade 2 faced the same challenges they did. They were proud of their work and efforts. Suddenly, writing has become a lot more fun! For me, it was one of the best events I’ve been a part of at Kaiwen and I hope we can maintain and lift the standard in the future. ”
对于二年级的全科教师来说,大家认为举办这样的活动可以让学生有重点去学习,正如孩子们在现场的表现,他们很积极,并期待开始下一个单元的意见写作(opinion writing)。
在接下来的几周中,小学楼二楼的“个人叙事读物”将向全校师生开放,欢迎大家随时来阅读小作者们写下的真实故事。
“我最喜欢的餐厅”“我的精彩周末”“我与我幸福的家庭”“我与我的小狗”……在展示中,海淀凯文学子以英语写作去展示自己的真实故事,以第一人称的方式来叙述,不仅包含开头、中间部分和结尾这三个部分,也包含一个中心思想,来阐述为什么这个故事对于作者而言很重要。
那么,什么样的故事最吸引人?“你的开头精彩极了!”“你的开篇吸引了我!”在海淀凯文师生写的评语中,立即吸引读者注意力的开头最受欢迎,这也是个人叙事写作的主要特点之一,写好故事的引子可以让读者有兴趣继续阅读下去。
无论选择用英语书写有关自己怎样的故事,海淀凯文学子或多或少地改变看待自己、看待身边的人或看待身边世界的方式。我们每个人都有自己想要讲述的故事,讲述这样的故事时通过分享自己的人生经历和与他人共同的期望,来与读者产生连接。
上一页: 阅读这片星河,与我们的众神相遇